Overview
MOTS-c (Mitochondrial Open Reading frame of the Twelve S rRNA-c) is a 16-amino-acid peptide encoded within the mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene. It belongs to the family of mitochondrial-derived peptides (MDPs).
Mechanism
Published work points to AMPK activation, regulation of folate-methionine and one-carbon metabolism, and translocation to the nucleus under metabolic stress where it modulates nuclear gene expression. Animal models report effects on insulin sensitivity and exercise performance.
Notes for the lab
MOTS-c is water-soluble after reconstitution in bacteriostatic water. Plasma concentrations decline with age in published cohorts, which is the basis for several research designs comparing young vs. aged animal models.